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The earliest fragments of two branches of the Mabinogion, namely Branwen and Manawydan; and two fragments of Geraint ap Erbin.
The manuscript is in four parts, each one containing a different text.

The first part of the volume, written about 1620-1630, consists of poetry by Gruffudd Hiraethog, Tudur Aled and others; the second part is a copy of the greater part of the Black Book of Carmarthen (see Peniarth MS 1) in the hand of Dr John Davies, Mallwyd.

Poetry of William Llŷn, Siôn Tudur and others, written c. 1641.

A manuscript in the hand of several scribes, the first of which may be Siôn Tudur, comprising genealogies; poetry of Ieuan Briwton, Owen Briwton, Guto'r Glyn, Iolo Goch, Siôn Tudur and others; Statud Gruffudd ap Kynan; lists of the sheriffs of Flintshire and Denbighshire; and medical recipes.

Poetry of Huw Arwystl, Owain Gwynedd and others, written down during the first half of the 17th century.

Poetry of Morgan Elfel and others in several hands, second half of the 16th century.
The remaining material was written at a later date.

Cywyddau of and in the hand of Lewys Glyn Cothi.

A collection of pedigrees compiled by Gutun Owain and others.
The manuscript is in four main hands, including apparently that of Ieuan Frechfa.

Two notebooks containing annotations on the Lord's Prayer; moral verses; a list of cattle at Rhûg, 1661; apothegms; Latin-English phraseology; Latin verses; an inventory of linen; etc.

A notebook entitled 'Stemmata Britannica' containing genealogical notes and pedigrees of Welsh families in the hand of W. W. E. Wynne. 'Peniarth MS No. 19' is on p. ii.

A notebook containing a 'Journal of a Tour on the Continent by Miss Mary Slaney, afterwards Mrs Wynne, of Peniarth, with her father, R. A. Slaney Esqre, MP 1836'. '499' on label pasted on spine.

A list of sheriffs of Caernarvonshire from 1540 to 1744, with additions to 1765.

Gift in frank almoin by William La Zousche, Lord of Glamorgan and Morgan, and Alianora his wife, to Margam Abbey, of land on the hills from the lower brow to the upper brow, to the source of Kenefeg, to the source of Frodoille, across the hills to the Keuelthi ford in Auen, down the water to the sea; pasture, and land of Rossoulyn, whatever is comprised between the waters called Wrach' and Cleudach' comkake, and the commodities of the water of Neath between the said waters. Of all which, Earl Gilbert [de Clare], father of the aforesaid Alianora, deprived the monks of Margam. To be held in frank almoin in accordance with the charters of Lord William, late Earl of Gloucester and Morgan, son of Cradoc. Under the Chancery seal of Cardiff. Witnesses: Sir Thomas de Asteleye, Sir Henry de Burmengham, Sir Nicholas de Clare, Sheriff of Glamorgan; Sir Howel ap Howel, Sir Henry de Umframuile, Sir Edward de Stradeleng', Sir Philip Le Flemmeng, Knts; John Le Flemmeng of St. George, John de Auene, Madok Vaghan of Tyrialth, Jeuan ap Morgan, Cradok ap Ener. Dated at Hanleye. Latin. Fine large seal, dark green wax, appended by plaited strands of green and yellow silk, 3 in. diam. with the projecting parts, which show that the matrix was provided with four studs to adjust the position of the two sides. Obv. A knight in armour, with conical helmet, fanplume, sword, shield, hauberk, and surcoat, riding to the right on a caparisoned horse, with fanplume. The armorial bearings of the surcoat, shield, and caparisons are ten roundles, four, three, two, and one, in pile, Zouche. Field diapered lozengy. S' Will'i . La . Zovche . Domini . De . Glamorgan. Rev. The Lady Alianora [de Clare], wife of Lord William La Zousche, standing on a carved corbel, draped with long narrow habit, and wearing a flat headdress; holding by the strap, in each hand, a shield of arms: dex., three lions passant in pale; sin., three chevrons, Clare. Within a carved Gothic panel of eight traceried cusps. Field diapered lozengy. + Sigill . Willelmi . La . Zovche . Domini . De. Glamorgan.

Grant by Rees Maunceill’, gentleman, to John Bassett and Nicholas Williams, of co. Glam. and Morgan, gentlemen, of the manor of Oxmoche, in the Lordship of Gower, with the advowson of the church there, and the lands, tenements, etc., in Oxmoche, together with the mill called Burrys Mylle, to the use of the said Rees, Elinor his wife, and their heirs. Latin. Witnesses: David Maunceille, John Basset of Oxmoche gentlemen; Gruff’ Melyn, Richard Howell’, Jankyn Russell. Dated: 18th May, 3 Henry VIII [1511]. Signed: Rice Mauncell. Rectangular seal from a ring: red wax (11 x 9mm). A shield of arms, a chevron between three maunches, for MANSELL. Within a border engrailed and cabled.

Mandate by Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Gloucester and Hertford, to the Sheriff of Glamorgan, that he did not permit the Abbey of Margam to be put in plea for their tenements, nor for any things which appertain to the secular court, except before the Earl himself, or before the Sheriff by order of the Earl. Latin. Fine impression of the great seal of the Earl, green wax, chipped, 2? in. diam. The Earl wearing a hauberk of mail, stiff surcoat, flat-topped helmet, with sword and shield of arms, riding on a galloping horse to the right, caparisoned. The arms of the shield and caparisons are: Three chevrons, for Clare. Artistic design. + Sigill ........RTI : De : Clark : Co . Es : He ....... E. Rev. A small round counterseal, 1? in. diam. A shield of arms, Clare, as above. + Sigill : Gileberti : De : Clara.

Gift by Philip, Madoc, Ythenerd, sons of Kedic, and Madoc, son of Meuric, to Margam Abbey, of a meadow with marsh between the English Walda in the fee of Auene, and the meadow of Wronu Gogh, and near the arable land of Meles; also a meadow which belonged to Cleuyn in the same fee, between the meadow of the sons of Alaytho and the monks' 'Walda', and between the arable land of Meles and a wet ditch belonging to the monks; which meadows were given by the said Kedic and Meuric to the said Abbey. Rent 40d. Witnesses: Madoc ab Griffud, Lowarc ab David, Owen, Res, and Cradoc, sons of Alaytho; Meuric Gogh, Wronu ab Ythel. Latin. Four pointed oval seals, green wax, l? x 3/4 in. 1. An ornamental fleur-de-lis. + S' . Philippi : AB : Kiiedihk. 2. A bow and arrow; chipped. + Sigill' Madoc : AB : Kedic. 3. An ornamental flower; chipped. + S'i .......D : AB : Kedic. 4. An ornamental fleur-de-lis. + S' . Madoc . AB . Sievr'.

Letter of Attorney by Margaret Davene, Lady Davene, widow, to Thomas Davene her son, to put the Abbot and Convent of Margam in seisin of 31/2 a. land in the marsh of Aeune, which she has given to the Abbey, with assent of Sir John Davene her son, in exchange for other land there. Under seal of the said John. Dated at Avene. Latin. Two round seals, red wax, 3/4 in. diam. 1. A shield of arms: per pale dex. a fess between six roses, sin. three chevrons. Suspended by the strap, and between two sprigs of foliage. * S' Margarete . Davene. 2. A shield of arms, three chevrons. Above the shield an Agnus Dei; at each side a wyvern. + S Ioh'is . De . Avene.

Gift by Walter de Reigni to Margam Abbey, of 15 a. arable land between Blakeberege and the land of William Norrensis, and between the way leading from Blakeberege to Penchoterich, and the way leading from the same to Landhary. Witnesses: Sir Henry de Vmframuille, Henry de Budicume, Nicholas, dean of Liswrony; Griffin, brother of the archdeacon; Owen, son of Owen Lug; William, brother of Walter de Reigni; Hugh de Landefei, John his son, Walter and Geoffrey, monks of Margam. Latin. Pointed oval seal, dark green wax, 11/4 x 1 in. A seeded fleur-de-lis. + Sigil' : Walteri : De : Rein'.

Inspeximus by Elias [de Radnor], Bishop of Llandaff [1230-1240] of:. Grant by H[enry, Bishop of Llandaff [1196-1218], to Margam Abbey of the tithes of p. Kenefeg, and the lands belonging to the Church, for a yearly payment of 10 marks to Tewkesbury Abbey; the Abbey of Tewkesbury retaining the cure of spirituals, the altarages, and the right of presenting a vicar to the said Church; as well as being responsible to the Bishop for the synodals and episcopal dues. Witnesses: Wrgan, Archdeacon of Llandaff; Master Maurice his son, Master Walter, the Bishop's chaplain; Master Ralph Mailoc; Nicholas, treasurer of Llandaff. Witnesses: Maurice the Archdeacon [occurs 1229-1231; ob. 1242], and Henry his brother; Maurice the treasurer, William de Lanmeis, dean. Latin. Pointed oval seal, green wax, imperfect; of the Bishop of Llandaff, as described in No. 136 (19 May 1239).

Quitclaim by Ener Bachan, brother of Alaithur, to Margam Abbey, of his right in the land of Frudul; and the lands within the waters of Auene and Kenefeg and without, and remission of all claims against the Abbey. Witnesses: Stephen, clerk of Kenefeg, Alaithur, Rees Coh, John; Wrunoch, son of Justin; Robert Pulmor. Latin. Round seal, dark green wax, 11/2 in. A circular shield with central boss and five concentric circles. + Sigill . Ener . Vachan.