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Material relating to the introduction of the Mines Eight Hours Act in South Wales collieries, the response of various coal companies and miners' organisations to the legislation, and the effects of the Act on the mining industry in Wales. Material comprises reports, counsel's opinions, Conciliation Board sub-committee minutes and extracts of minutes, meeting notes, owners' manifestos, circulars, letters and correspondence, newspaper cuttings, statistical statements and summaries, and some printed material.

Material relating to the foundation of the Monmouthshire and South Wales Coal Owners Association, and material relating to legal cases the Association members were involved with or that affected the interests of the Association as a whole, in particular, those relating to railway rates and charges. These cases were heard before several courts and tribunals including the High Court of Justice, the Court of Appeal, the House of Lords, the House of Commons, the Court of Enquiry, Select and Departmental Committees, Royal Commissions, the Railway Rates Tribunal and the Coal Industry National Compensation Tribunal.