Dangos 2790 canlyniad

[Henry Herbert, Earl of] Pembroke, Wilton, to his friends John Wynne of Gwydir and William Moris, esq's, deputy lieutenants for Caernarfonshire. Covering letter with letters of the Privy Council referred to in No. 86, received by Henry Herbert on 29 Aug. Although they will not be able to fulfil the instructions within the time specified, let them use all their endeavours to accomplish them fully as soon as possible. What they do must be certified by their word; let them therefore show themselves worthy of the trust reposed in them, being particularly chosen above others. They should make, as they used to, two copies of their certificate, one for the Privy Council & the other for Henry Herbert. Request for diligent execution of their instructions. Subscribed: Note of receipt on 9 Sept. 1595 and examination, signed by John Wynn.

Last June 1,006 men of the Welsh counties were ordered to be armed and put in readiness to be sent to Ireland upon demand. [Each county was to provide the following numbers:-] Montgomeryshire, Caernarfonshire, Cardiganshire, Radnorshire, Anglesey and Merionethshire, 46, and Glamorgan, Pembrokeshire, Breconshire and Monmouthshire, 35. Let the same numbers be mustered anew and their defects supplied with new or abler men, to be ready to leave upon one day's warning for Chester where there will be suitable persons to take charge of them and transport them to Ireland. They should be given coats of good material, which are lined against the winter. Money will be delivered to persons appointed by Henry Herbert at Chester for the coats and conduct. Request for diligent performance of the instructions, as there may shortly be need of the men.

The Privy Council (named), at the Court at Richmond, to [Henry Herbert] Earl of Pembroke, Lord Lieutenant of Wales and of the counties of Somerset and Wiltshire. Continuing the beacon watches during the winter will be troublesome to the inhabitants of the counties under Henry Herbert's jurisdiction. Since there is no reason why they should not cease for some time, let Henry Herbert order them stopped until 1 March. Clergymen who are able to equip horse and footmen according to their livings, as they did in 1588, may have armour, equipment and weapons but no able men to use them. Let such men be chosen to be equipped therewith, and to be mustered and trained with the rest. Postscript: Let those responsible for horse keep the horses in stables ready for service. Let the billmen change to pikes and the bowmen to muskets and calivers. Copy. Endorsed: No. 93a. 93A. 1595, Nov. 11. [Henry Herbert, Earl of] Pembroke, Baynards Castle, to [John Wynn and William Maurice, deputy lieutenants of Caernarfonshire]. Covering letter with No. 93. Request for execution.

Thomas Wilkes, London, to his friends William Morrice and John Gwinn of Gwydir, esq's, and the rest of the justices of the peace of Caernarfonshire. The bearer, Richard Peake, served in the wars as a sergeant in Capt. Goodwyn's company and about a year ago sought relief under the statute for [the relief of] injured soldiers from the recipients. They, having allowed another soldier, who served only as 'a gentleman of a Companie', £15 a year, allowed the bearer, an officer, only £4 a year, which he can only obtain with 'great trauayll and longe attendaince'. Request for 'a more charitable consideracionn' of him. Postscript: Urges the [allowance] of the bearer, recommended as a worthy man, to be increased, and to be paid at a fixed time and place, so that he is not compelled to 'wander up and downe' for it.

Encloses a copy of a letter from Dr William Meiricke to John Wynn with names of the clergy of the county, and their charge. Conferring with the Justices of the Peace, has found unwillingness to press men without warrant, though it is for the Queen's service. Some have volunteered, & John Wynn has sent their names to Dr Meiricke; this is all they dare do without further warrant. Expecting such a warrant which will doubtless come, retains eight men 'to serve that torne' so that neither the county nor himself be troubled with further assemblies. Has armour at Chester only for his own purposes. Had not thought that William Maurice had 'any extraordynarye care' for his brother in law whom John Wynn would not have sent if William Maurice had written because he is 'chardged with children'. The men shall assemble at Conwy and travel thence to Chester on 1 April, so that John Wynn and William Maurice's men may go together, though John Wynn's men could be ready sooner. Let William Maurice's men arrive on Wednesday night.

Has conferred with the justices of the peace and his co-lieutenant; they are all reluctant to press men without the Queen's express command and authority. For without such a warrant they might stand in danger with regard to the law. Made known William Meirick's needs in the county and four men volunteered to serve with William Meirick's horses and equipment; they have been sent to William Meirick. Unsigned copy sent to William Maurice.

Covering letter with letters of the Queen requiring a certificate to be made of all the forces in the county. Request for the execution of this service.

Covering letter with No. 127a. Request to execute carefully the instructions therein contained. Copy, attested by John Wynn.

The Privy Council (named), at the Court at Whitehall, to [Henry Herbert,] Earl of Pembroke, Lord President of the Council in the Marches. The Queen is informed that a Spanish fleet has been seen off the coast of England; it is uncertain whether they are heading towards this country or Ireland. She has therefore given authority and commission to the Earl of Essex who has arrived at Plymouth with the navy that accompanied him on his recent voyage, to follow the Spanish fleet, fight it by sea or land and repulse it. The Earl should be assisted with a further number of men the better to withstand the enemy's attempts and to frustrate their purposes, and has authority to demand of Henry Herbert further aid and supplies of men from the Welsh counties such as he thinks necessary. Request Henry Herbert as Lord Lieutenant of Wales to have such numbers of able and choice men in the Welsh counties as by former directions were appointed to serve in Ireland, made ready to be sent without delay upon direction from the Earl of Essex under the conduct of some suitable person to the nearest place of embarkation; let Henry Herbert see them furnished with armour, weapons and other equipment and provided with food. Upon being certified by Henry Herbert of the extraordinary charge for levying, conducting and victualling the forces, the Council will see made the customary allowances for such services. Considering therefore the difficult time and the necessity that these services be expedited by all means, request Henry Herbert to do his utmost to see the Earl furnished according to his directions with the best forces, and to certify the Council of their numbers, equipment, port of embarkation and leaders.

[Henry Herbert, Earl of] Pembroke, Ludlow, to his friends the deputy lieutenants, [Hugh Gwynn], the high sheriff and justices of the peace, in Caernarfonshire. Covering letter with No. 133; such important services must not be neglected. Let them (as becomes their offices) consider and accomplish with expedition the instructions therein contained. Needs not stress the inconvenience of any 'slakenes'. Requests certificates of their proceedings as specified in the letter.

According to William Maurice's letters has done his best in all William Maurice's suits. Encloses the charges and how they stand. 1. Touching Sir Henry Bagnall's action against William Maurice, Mr Brynkyr and Mr Lewys, they were outlawed before Thomas Martyn heard, but procured the attorney to take a [ ] and have time to answer until next term. Let William Maurice send instructions. 2. As for the suit of Mr Leonard Baker and Mr Thomas Adrewe against William Maurice and Mr Brynkyr, returnable this term, was forced to plead a delay until next term. Then William Maurice may have the actions confessed to save charges and a stay of process until the Easter term, and William Maurice and Mr Brynkyr can take no harm until next Michaelmas term. 3. In Edwards's recovery against William Maurice the outlawry in the Common Pleas is discharged and satisfaction acknowledged. Mr William Thomas must plead the pardon and have satisfaction acknowledged for him next term if he wishes. 4. Thomas Bankes the hosier had sued William Maurice to an outlawry for £40; that is also reversed and deferred until next term. 5. Leonard Baker and Thomas Andrewe had sued William Maurice and Mr Brynkyr to an outlawry last Easter term. That was reversed for them both and next term they may declare if they will for bail is put in Court for them both. 6. Eva verch Meredith by Mr Blodwell had got a judgment entered against William Maurice for £300 but by Thomas Martyn's labour thinks she and Mr Blodwell will lose their charge and begin again if they 'list', for they will lose the suit in the Common Pleas and the King's Bench. 7. The outlawry after judgment against them at Sir Richard Bulkeley's suit was not discharged in Mr Antrobus's book but upon a search being made of the accounts, Thomas Martyn had a note delaying the process of outlawry and next term William Maurice may have satisfaction entered and the pardon pleaded and discharged for about four nobles. Refers all other matters to the bearer's report.

Has received William Morris's letter and is glad that William Morris has agreed with William Lewys's cousin John Owen and that the marriage is to proceed. William Lewys and his wife must be excused from coming to it because William Lewys's trunk has not arrived, otherwise they would willingly have come. As for the ship, advises William Morris not to trouble the county but to take as much as is in sight; thinks Sir Richard Bulkeley has taken the guns and some masts. William Morris shall know the truth thereof soon; time is short and William Morris cannot tell him now. ? Has not been with her since William Morris was there and cannot give him any more information. William Lewys's wife will send Edward ap Ieuan. Excuses himself for not coming and wishes to be excused to Mr Brinckir and his aunt Mrs Brinckir.

In order to reduce Ireland to peace from the continuing rebellion there, which is to be suppressed by force, since other peaceful means are obstinately refused, all bands there, especially of foot, are to be reinforced, which requires men to be levied from various parts of the realm, equipped with armour and weapons, sent there and placed in the defective bands. In the Lieutenancy of Wales and the adjoining counties let numbers as specified in an enclosed schedule, signed by the Council, be levied and put in order. Let the men be well chosen, able, and equipped with armour and weapons to serve in the foot bands in Ireland. Henry Herbert should appoint suitable men to see them levied, equipped and safely conducted to the harbours specified in the schedule, where they shall be received and transported. As for the cost of the coats and conduct of the men and their leader, has ordered that upon arrival at the port they be supplied with transport, food and money for their conduct in the usual proportion to the length of their journey. Note of examination by John Wynn.

[Henry Herbert, Earl of] Pembroke, Wilton, to his friends John Gwynn, Gwedir, and William Moris of Blisir, esq's, deputy lieutenants of Caernarfonshire, and the justices of the peace of the same. Covering letter with No. 148a. Urges diligent performance thereof and requests to be certified of their proceedings.

Two points are referred to the muster masters: the sorting of the arms and the method of training. As to the first, a company should be equally made up of armed men and shot, the armed men to be all pikes except the officers, and the shot to be at least half, or if possible two thirds, muskets, and the rest arquebuses. Care should be taken what men are put in each kind of arms, the strongest and best to be pikes, the strongest and squarest to carry muskets and the smallest and nimblest turned to the arquebuses. Above all should be considered a man's aptitude to use the arms; the muster master might see the same men using several arms before assigning them to one kind. The method of training should be that quickest and most easily learned, and most useful for all types of service. Each company should be divided into three squadrons, each squadron into as many files as the number will bear, and each file into fellowship. The chief file of the squadron should be led by the corporal, the second by his deputy and the rest by the best men of each squadron. The company, thus divided, must be taught three things, - 1) to carry and use arms, 2) marching and motions and 3) understanding and obeying directions of the drum or voice. (1) Arms should be carried smartly and ready for use. Pikes are used in making or receiving a charge. In the first, the soldier learns to withstand horse, in the second, to meet the enemies' pikes, where the skill is in knowing when and how each man and rank should push. In the teaching of the use of shot, the soldier must learn how to present his piece, take his level and how and when to fire his volley with the rest of his rank. This is the sergeants' task; they should teach the shot to use their arms and lead them unless a superior officer is appointed. The old method of firing volleys, namely, that all the shot in one battalion fire simultaneously, is to be condemned, for those behind either risk shooting their companion through the head or overshoot and waste their shot, and the volley once given, the enemy advances without hindrance. Instead of this kind of volley, which only, 'serves to make a great Crack', the first rank only should fire its volley, and then, if the battalion is marching, stand, so that the second rank passes through to shoot its volley, then the third and following ranks similarly. If the battalion is stationary, the first rank should fire, then fall back, to be replaced by the second then the third and so on. Thus the volley is continuous and the enemy never free from hindrance. This is easily done if the shot open their files. (2) In the teaching of marching, when every man knows his place and can observe his file and rank in a plain march there is no difficulty in this or in cantermarching, if the leaders of the files are well chosen and each man watches the one before him. If there is any disorder, the officers, watching and each being in his place, can easily right it. The places of the officers are as follows, the captain at the head of the troop and the lieutenant in the rear, except in a retreat, when the captain should be in the rear and the lieutenant at the head, and the sergeants on both sides going up and down to see the soldiers keep their rank. Teaching motions is added to the teaching of marching for there are many such involving no marching or changing place, only turning to the right, the left or around. This is necessary should the enemy charge on either side or from behind. Other motions involve changing place from one rank to another when some move and others stand still. Such motions are doubling ranks or files in order to make the flanks or fronts greater or smaller according to the enemy and the ground. Another motion to be taught involves the movement of all but no marching, namely opening and closing files, which is of use for one rank to pass through another, in counter-marching, or to draw the troop quickly to move one way or another. (3) The soldiers, being taught to know the sound of the drums, must observe not only what the drummer does but what time he keeps for they should march more slowly or quickly accordingly. Taught to march by the drum, so by the voice he is taught other motions. It is best to accustom him to one word which once learned will serve as a direction. The following were used in training the Queen's army at Plymouth [list given]. For most of these words no better can be chosen, but the choice of words is not so important as their constant use; yet the same words should be used generally throughout the troops, or even throughout the army, or it will cause confusion.

The Privy Council (named), at the Court at Richmond, to [Henry Herbert], Earl of Pembroke, Lord President of the Council of the Marches of Wales, and lieutenant of the same. Directions were given for the money for the coats and arms for the men levied in the Welsh counties of Henry Herbert's lieutenancy to be sent to London by 31 Jan. As yet only money for the 50 men levied in Radnorshire has been sent, and some sums paid to the mayor of Chester, as shown in an enclosed note. Are surprised by the slackness shown by those counties that are a month behind with their money. Require Henry Herbert to give a sharp direction to the deputy lieutenants thereof diligently and swiftly to have the money collected, if this has not been done, and sent to London as directed. In case of further delay, must call them to stricter account.

A commission was directed to William Maurice and his cousin John Wynn of Gwydir, esq., as deputy lieutenants of Caernarfonshire, or in their absence, to the justices of the peace, to levy 100 men in the county for the Queen's service in Ireland and to see them conducted to Chester. William Maurice caused a general muster to be made at Caernarvon, the county town and situated in the middle of the county, on 26 Aug. John Wynn appointed a muster for the greater part of the county at Conwy, the same day, so that they could not both be present, according to the tenor of the commission. John Wynn appointed a muster for part of the county and William Maurice for the whole of the county, as commanded by the Lord Lieutenant [who commanded also] that both should be present. But John Wynn refused to join with William Maurice and countermanded the general summons. Therefore there was greater appearance at Conwy (where are the ablest men in the county); John Wynn had over 200 able men there, of whom he chose only 50, half the number, adding that William Maurice should not have any from that part of the county to make up the other 50 which he urged William Maurice to find, and if William Maurice took any he would discharge them, although William Maurice had a general summons made and for want of John Wynn's presence was forced to call on the justices to aid the service and to use all means to procure appearance. But the general muster had no more than 24 suitable men, and was driven by warrants and the sending around of the sheriff and justices to seek more, to the hindrance of the service and cost of the county of keeping together the number and the rest as they came. In the end was compelled to accept many unfit for service, and delivered to Ellis Maurice of Clenennau, gent., the leader, 50 soldiers, able and sufficient men, for service in Ireland according to the commission. Was unable to fill the number conveniently as he wished, for the reasons stated. The men are not equipped with clothes and armour, with which they are to be supplied at Chester by the Queen, except only for swords, which the leader has been commanded either to provide at Chester or to allow money therefor to the captain to provide in Ireland, with the rest of the arms.

Covering letter with No. 176. Request and command Richard Vaughan in the Queen's name to carry out the instructions therein contained with all speed and diligence as duty requires. Will answer for failure at his peril. Postscript: Think it best for effecting this service that Richard Vaughan should see that in his town there is every night [illegible] and well-affected men to the state to see the Queen's peace kept and for suppressing tumults, scares, rumours and unlawful assemblies.

William Lloide, 'from Morgan Richardes house', to William Maurice, esq. His master [John Wynn] has sent him to deliver letters re a muster to William Maurice and the sheriff [Richard Vaughan]. Since William Maurice had gone to Caernarvon and the time of his return was uncertain, thought it best to go to deliver the same to the sheriff. Hopes to find William Maurice at home upon his return. If he had a good horse, would have ridden to Caernarvon, but decided to go first to Llyn in order to lose no time. Fifteen men are required from the county and the letters are addressed to the sheriff of Caernarfonshire, and to John Wynn and William Maurice, late deputy lieutenants; they are signed by the Queen. Another letter, from the Privy Council, [directs that] the men should be at Chester by 20 May. Intends to be with William Maurice tomorrow afternoon as soon as he can leave the sheriff. Postscript: Has no way to seal the letter.

The Privy Council (named), at the Court at Greenwich, to their friends [John Wynn] the high sheriff 'for the tyme being' of Merionethshire, the late deputy lieutenants and the justices of the peace of the same. At the time of the last levy in the county, the Queen believed she would not have to lay any further charge from Ireland on her subjects again so soon, or for a long time, since the success of the war against the rebels in Ireland gave (and still gives) hope that they would soon be suppressed and the country reduced to peaceful obedience. However the treacherous rebellion, now 'brought to a broken and desparate fortune', relies only on the help and support of foreign aid from the Queen's enemies; is informed of numbers of men who have either already arrived or are soon to arrive in Munster from Spain. The enemy's designs must be encountered in the same way; where they help the rebels, the Queen must strengthen her subjects. Has therefore ordered a levy of 5,000 men from various counties, towards which number she requested in recent letters 25 men from Merionethshire. The recipients are therein referred to the Privy Council for any further direction necessary; can only 'renne' [sic] previous frequent admonitions to choose suitable men, in particular, not to press 'loose persons or vagabonds' who have always been the greatest hindrance and cause of poor success to the Queen's service. The men are to be levied quickly enough to be at the port of Chester by 9 Aug.; there they shall find shipping and food for their passage and a place to live prepared for them until they embark. Let them be placed in the charge of a suitable person of the recipients' choice to lead them with care and diligence to the port, safely and in orderly fashion, and there to hand them over to a person chosen by the Privy Council to take charge of their transportation. The conductor and soldiers should be given an allowance for the journey at the usual daily rate of 4s. and 8d. respectively. The conduct money, and the allowance for coat money (at the usual rate) will be paid at the Exchequer to any person appointed by the recipients, who, upon receipt by the Council of a certificate thereof, shall request repayment. Arms and clothes of the soldiers should also be seen to; these may perhaps be more conveniently prepared with speed in London and sent to the port, than provided by the county, partly because the service requires great speed and partly because the extraordinary arming and clothing of the soldiers costs more than the allowance demanded from the county, the extra cost whereof the Queen, for the ease of the county, is willing to defray herself. The Queen in her letters directs the county, instead of arms and clothes, to collect and send money at the rate of £3.10.0 a man, i.e., 40s. for clothes and 30s. for arms. Let it therefore be collected and sent to Sir Thomas Tasborough, kt, one of the letters of the Exchequer, by 9 Aug. Request for performance hereof; also let tripartite rolls be made as usual of the number of soldiers, one to be sent to the Council, another kept and the third given to the leader. Postscript: It is said in the letter that the arms and clothes will be ready for the soldiers at the port. Because of the difficulty of carrying arms to Chester have instead directed the arms to be delivered to them upon arrival in Ireland. They shall receive the clothes at the port as previously arranged.